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Utrenya: I. The Entombment of Christ II. The Resurrection of Christ

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Opis materiału
  • Composer:Krzysztof Penderecki
  • Original title: Utrenija: I. Złożenie Chrystusa do grobu II. Zmartwychwstanie
  • content: Part I. The Entombment of Christ: 1. Troparion 2. Songs of Praise 3. Írmos 4. Canon of Holy Saturday, Song 9 5. Irmologion (Stichíra)
    Część II. The Resurrection of Christ: 1. (6.) The Gospel 2. (7.) Stichíra 3. (8.) Psalm with Troparion 4. (9.) Passover Canon, Songs 1 and 3 5. (10.) Passover Canon, Song 8 6. (11.) Kontakion 7. (12.) Oikos 8. (13.) Passover Canon
  • year of completion: 1971
  • instrumentation: 5 solo voices, 2 mixed choirs, boy's choir, orchestra
  • commission: Westdeutscher Rundfunk, Cologne
  • Dedication: To Eugene Ormandy (part I)
  • kind of text: religious
  • Text language: Old Church Slavonic
  • performer: Chór Chłopięcy Filharmonii im. Karola Szymanowskiego w Krakowie, Orkiestra Filharmonii im. Karola Szymanowskiego w Krakowie, Chór Filharmonii im. Karola Szymanowskiego w Krakowie
  • Duration: 1:14'23''
  • Genre/form: oratorio
  • category: vocal-instrumental music, works for solo voices, choir and orchestra or instrumental ensemble
  • conductor: Jerzy Katlewicz
  • choirmaster: Adam Pałka, Bronisława Wietrzny
  • vocalist: Stefania Woytowicz (soprano), Krystyna Szczepańska (mezzo-soprano), Kazimierz Pustelak (tenor), Bernard Ładysz (bas), Peter Lagger (basso profondo)
  • Producer: Polskie Radio S.A.
  • Production year: 1971
  • quality: low
  • Premiere: First part – Altenberg, 08.04.1970, Stefania Woytowicz – soprano, Krystyna Szczepańska – alto, Louis Devos – tenor, Bernard Ładysz – bass, Boris Carmeli – basso profondo, Norddeutscher Rundfunkchor, Kölner Rundfunk-Sinfonie-Orchester, Andrzej Markowski – conductor; Second part – Münster, 28.05.1971, Stefania Woytowicz – soprano, Krystyna Szczepańska – alto, Louis Devos – tenor, Bernard Ładysz – bass, Boris Carmeli – basso profondo, Kölner Rundfunk-Sinfonie-Orchester, Tölzer Knebenchor, Chor des Norddeutscher Rundfunks, Kölner Rundfunkchor, Andrzej Markowski – conductor
  • Discography: "Penderecki: Utrenja", Iwona Hossa – soprano, Agnieszka Rehlis – mezzo-soprano, Piotr Kusiewicz – tenor, Genady Bezzubenkov – bass, Piotr Nowacki – bass, Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra and Choir, Antoni Wit – conductor, Naxos, 2009
In Utrenja, completed in 1971, the emotional temperatures can reach very high levels, the polychorality is particularly effective and the expression borders on ecstatic. Fascinated with the Eastern churches since his childhood, Penderecki turns in this piece to the East: to Russian and Bulgarian Orthodox music. He could count on the musical and expressive potential of his “initial material” in the form of Orthodox church choral songs and liturgy.

In the first part, Utrenja I. The Entombment of Christ, the composer uses liturgical texts for Good Friday and Holy Saturday to create a kind of “audio report” enriched by sonoristic elements – very effectively reflecting the emotions of the crowd. The second part, Utrenja II. Resurrection, with the addition of a boys’ choir, sets liturgical texts for Holy Saturday and Easter Sunday as well as a fragment from the Gospel of Matthew. Here, the impression of a live report is even stronger, enhanced by congregational songs that the composer heard and wrote down during his journeys. The representation of the musical and expressive climate of Orthodox Easter comes complete with whispers and shouts, tolling bells, the sound of wooden rattles and other “illustrative” effects produced in the brass and percussion.

The first part was premiered in April 1970 in a Romanesque cathedral near Cologne; the second was first performed in Münster Cathedral in May 1971. The completed work was presented later in 1971 under Andrzej Markowski in Vienna. The writer and musicologist Andrzej Chłopecki suggested that the two-part Utrenja, together with the earlier St. Luke Passion, can be seen as an ecumenical Paschal Triptych, a kind of “dialogue of the two versions of Christianity”.

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